USCGC Fir (WLM-212)

The United States Coast Guard Cutter Fir (WLM-212) was the last lighthouse tender built specifically for the United States Lighthouse Service to resupply lighthouses and lightships, and to service buoys. Fir (WAGL/WLM 212) was built by the Moore Drydock Company in Oakland, California in 1939. On 22 March 1939, the U.S. Lighthouse Tender Fir was launched. She was steam driven with twin screws, 175 feet in length, had a beam of 32 feet, drew 11 feet, 3 inches of water, and displaced 885 tons of water. Fir was fitted with a reinforced bow and stern, and an ice-belt at her water-line for icebreaking. She was built with classic lines and her spaces were lavishly appointed with mahogany, teak, and brass. The crew did intricate ropework throughout the ship. The cost to build Fir was approximately $390,000. Fir's homeport was Seattle, Washington for all but one of her fifty one years of service when she was temporarily assigned to Long Beach, California when USCGC Walnut (WLM-252) was decommissioned on 1 July 1982.

On 1 July 1939 the United States Lighthouse Service became a part of the United States Coast Guard. On 1 October 1940 Fir was commissioned as the United States Coast Guard Cutter Fir (WAGL-212). With the onset of WW II Fir was asssigned to the U.S. Department of the Navy and painted battleship grey. The following armament was installed for war service: M2 Browning machine guns, a 3 inch gun, and depth charges. Her wartime duties included picket duty, towing gunnery targets, and patrolling the Washington and Oregon coasts. In 1965, Fir was redesignated as a USCG Coastal Buoy Tender (WLM)'

On 27 May 1988, after the decommissioning of USCGC Ingham (WHEC-35), Fir gained the distinction as the U.S. Coast Guard's oldest commissioned cutter. In accordance with a Coast Guard custom, she displayed gold hull numbers on her bow and was designated as "Queen of the Fleet". On 1 October 1990, the 200th anniversary year of the U.S. Coast Guard, Fir was honored again with the celebration on her 50th birthday. One year later, on 1 October 1991 Fir was decommissioned, and; on 27 April 1992 was designated a National Historic Landmark by the United States Secretary of the Interior.

During her career, Fir was truly a multi-mission ship whose accomplishments mirrored the changing American maritime scene, and the needs of the U.S. Coast Guard for more than half a century. Fir's primary duties included resupplying coal, potable water, food, and other vital provisions; icebreaking, aids to navigation (ATON) maintenance, delivering and picking up U.S. Mail for lightships and lighthouses on the Washington and Oregon coasts. Fir tended the lightships at Umatilla Reef off La Push Washington and Swiftsure Bank at the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca Washington. In addition to servicing aids to navigation (ATON), Fir stood war duties during World War II, performed search and rescue missions, marine environmental protection, and law enforcement. For her last project, Fir was tasked to do what she was originally built for in 1939. In July 1991, Fir renovated and restored the Cape Flattery Lighthouse on Tatoosh Island at the entrance to the Strait of Juan de Fuca. This final assignment was an appropriate ending for the last United States Lighthouse Tender.

History

The Fir was launched in the United States Lighthouse Service, but, the vessel was completed under the U.S. Coast Guard, making her the last United States Lighthouse Service tender constructed. Sea trials were held on San Francisco Bay on 17 August 1939. The Trial Board consisted of R. R. Tinkham, Chief Lighthouse Engineer, Portland, Oregon; W. C. Dibrell, Superintendent of Lighthouses, Ketchikan, Alaska, with F. C. Hingsburg, Superintendent of Lighthouses, Portland, Oregon, acting as his alternate; and F. H. Conant, Assistant Lighthouse Engineer, San Francisco, California. On 18 August 1939, Fir departed for Portland, Oregon. On 30 December 1939, she received orders to proceed to Lake Union, Seattle, Washington. She was commissioned as the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Fir (WAGL-212) on 1 October 1940. On 4 November 1949 Fir rescued 19 persons from MV Andalucia off Neah Bay, Washington. In 1954 Fir assisted the distressed SS Beloit Victory near Destruction Island, Washington.

In early June 1958 USS Tinian (CVE-123) was taken in tow at Tacoma, Washington, by the U.S. Navy Military Sea Transportation Service's tugboat USNS Yuma (T-AF94), destined for San Diego. California. While very near the Swiftsure Bank lightship; Neah Bay, Washington; at the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Yuma developed engine troubles. Yuma's distress call brought the Fir to her rescue. The crew of the Swiftsure lightship went to general quarters, ready to assist. Fir then escorted Yuma and Tinian to safety. On 9 June 1958, Yuma and Tinian arrived at San Diego, California. In 1959 Fir was engaged in a major search operation for a downed U.S. Navy plane in her area of operation. Brief video footage of the Fir can seen in a 1961 season episode of Sea Hunt titled "Skipper". The tender is raising what appears to be a damaged Coast Guard patrol boat. In 1962 Fir salvaged a submerged U.S. Coast Guard which had crashed in her Area of Operation. In 1968 Fir assisted in firefighting operations at Todd Shipyards in Seattle, Washington.

When USCGC Ingham was decommissioned on 27 May 1988, Fir became the U.S. Coast Guard's oldest cutter and was designated "Queen of the Fleet". She received gold hull numbers on 30 May 1988, for this distinction. Her durability may in part have been due to the fact she that served in a freshwater environment with limited exposure to heavy seas; the loving care provided by her captain and crew no doubt also played a role. On 5 July 1990 Fir extinguished a rapidly burning fire in a personal craft at Shilshole Bay, Washington. An entrapped mariner was rescued and his boat was saved.

Before decommissioning in 1991, Fir was responsible for 138 lighted and unlighted buoys in the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the Puget Sound areas. In the spirit of her original mission, Fir's last active-duty assignment was assisting in the rehabilitation of Cape Flattery Lighthouse on Tatoosh Island at the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington.

Fir was decommissioned on 1 October 1991, one year after her 50th birthday. Over 600 attendees were on hand to honor the last surviving lighthouse tender in United States naval service. The oldest commissioned cutter award was presented to CDR Philip E. Sherer, USCG, commanding officer of the USCGC Storis (WMEC-38), by Fir's commanding officer, LCDR Nutting, USCG.

After decommissioning, Fir remained in Seattle, Washington for many years while efforts were made to turn her into a floating museum. When these efforts failed, she was transferred to the United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) facility, Suisun Bay, California, in 1997. Her shafts and rudder locked, she was towed 930 miles by USCGC Mariposa (WLB-397) to San Francisco's Golden Gate where she was met by a commercial tug that towed her the rest of the way to Suisun Bay. Significant objects were removed from the vessel and stored at a U.S. Coast Guard facility in Forestville, Maryland. On 27 April 1992 Fir was placed on the U.S. National Register of Historical Places and designated a U.S.National Historic Landmark. She was transferred to the Liberty Maritime Museum, Sacramento, California on 30 September 2002.

Awards and honors

U.S.Coast Guard Unit Commendation with Operational Distinguishing Device for the period of 21 December 1985 to 21 January 1986.

U.S.Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation with Operational Distinguishing Device for the period of 1 January 1984 to 31 May 1987.

U.S. National Historic Landmark

USCGC Fir (WLM-212) is a 174-foot (53 m) ship that was recently available for sale. The ship was a cutter of the United States Coast Guard. She was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1992.^[2] At that time, Fir was to be moored in Staten Island, New York.^[2]

There is successor ship also named Fir, USCGC Fir (WLB-213), currently in active use by the Coast Guard, which is a 225-foot (69 m) cutter.^[3] It was launched in 2003 and is based in Astoria, Oregon.^[4]

USCGC Fir has had a varied career.^[5]

This lighthouse tender was the last working vessel in the fleet of the United States Lighthouse Service, the ancestors of today's Coast Guard buoy tenders.

Built in 1938 and decommissioned in 1991, it is today the last surviving example of its type, and remains largely unmodified. As a National Historic Landmark, Fir was previously listed as being located in California^[6] and New York,^[7] but there's no other evidence suggesting that it was ever moved to the East coast.^[8]

The National Historic Landmark program (incorrectly) records the Fir as being in Staten Island, New York.^[2][6]

"After decommissioning, Fir remained in Seattle for many years while efforts were made to turn her into a floating museum. When these efforts failed, she was transferred to the Maritime Administration (MARAD) facility, Suisun Bay, California, in 1997. Her shafts and rudder locked, she was towed 930 miles (1,500 km) from Seattle by CGC Mariposa to San Francisco's Golden Gate, where she was met by a commercial tug that towed her the rest of the way to Suisun Bay. Significant objects were removed from the vessel and stored at the U.S. Coast Guard facility in Forestville, Maryland."^[9]

In 2002, she was transferred to the Liberty Maritime Museum,^[9] and towed to the Port of Sacramento.

In 2003, Fir was towed to Rio Vista, California,^[10] where it was moored on the Sacramento River on the eastern, Sacramento County side of the river, across from Rio Vista (which is in Solano County).^[11]

In November 2007, the Fir was put up for sale.^[11] The Fir, a National Historic Landmark, was for sale with asking price $95,000.^[12] The mailing address for the museum is in Sacramento, but the ship was physically located across the river from Rio Vista at .^[13] In May 2008, the webpage reports "Fir is sold!".

As of June 2010, Fir is tied up at Pier 38, San Francisco.^[14] The Fir is currently owned by the Pier 38 Maritime Recreation Center and is being carefully restored by Carl Ernst.

Gallery

References

•  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Coast Guard.

1. U.S. National Park Service, 2001, U. S. Coast Guard Cutter Fir (WLM-212): A Lighthouse / Buoy Tender for the Pacific Northwest. HAER Report No. WA-167, December, 2001. [PDF file]. http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/NPS_Fir_HAER_Report.pdf

2. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, United States Coast Guard Historian's Office. http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Fir_1940.asp

3. Shanks, Ralph. 1991. U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Fir (WLM 212) National Historic Landmark Study. U.S. National Park Service. http://www.nps.gov/history/maritime/nhl/fir.htm.

4."U.S. Coast Guard 133-Foot Buoy Tenders": The illustrated HAER Report for the National Park Service on the White-class buoy tenders; the report contains a detailed history of this class of tender, including historic photographs as well as a complete set of plans. (pdf file) http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/NPS_180_HAER_Report.pdf

External links

• One hundred photos of Fir, taken inside and out in January 2008